Legal Responsibility of Influencers in Unauthorized Product Endorsements
An Analysis of Toxic Influencer Marketing Practices in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46924/jihk.v7i2.383Keywords:
Influencer, Product Registration, Toxic Influencer Marketing, Legal Accountability, Consumer ProtectionAbstract
The rise of digital marketing has increased the use of influencers to promote products, including health products, cosmetics, and supplements. The phenomenon of covert endorsement, promoting products without BPOM (Indonesian Food and Drug Authority) approval, poses legal and consumer safety risks. This study analyzes covert endorsement practices within the framework of toxic influencer marketing and examines influencers’ legal accountability under Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health and consumer protection principles. Using normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and relevant empirical case analysis, the study finds that influencers hold a strategic position in influencing consumer behavior, making a duty of care inherent in their promotional activities. Influencers may be held administratively, civilly, or criminally liable if promoting unregistered products that harm consumers. The study emphasizes the need to strengthen regulations, establish product verification standards, and ensure transparency in promotions to protect the public from toxic influencer marketing risks.
Downloads
References
Journals
Aditya, Yudha Putra, dan Muhammad Bayu Widagdo. “Pengaruh Kredibilitas Brand Ambassadro dan Terpaan Promosi Penjualan Produk Fashion Di Shopee Terhadap Impulsive Buying Generasi Z pada Erigo Di Shopee.” Interaksi Online 12, no. 4 (2024): 323–37. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/interaksi-online/article/view/47281.
Amory, Jeffriansyah Dwi Sahputra, Muhtar Mudo, dan Rhena J. “Transformasi Ekonomi Digital dan Evolusi Pola Konsumsi: Tinjauan Literatur tentang Perubahan Perilaku Belanja di Era Internet.” Jurnal Minfo Polgan 14, no. 1 (2025): 28–37. https://doi.org/10.33395/jmp.v14i1.14608.
Azizah, Ismi, Mohammad Zamoroni, dan Agung Pramono. “Perlindungan Hukum Konsumen Terhadap Kosmetik Ilegal yang Diiklankan Influencer di Media Sosial.” Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research 4, no. 3 (2024): 6896–6905. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i3.11118.
Daely, Pinter Putra Sudianto. “Tanggung Jawab Hukum Influencer Terhadap Produk Yang Dipromosikan Di Media Sosial.” Leuser: Jurnal Hukum Nusantara 2, no. 2 (2025): 1–6. https://doi.org/https://journal.myrepublikcorp.com/index.php/leuser/article/view/150.
Elanda, Yochi, dan Ainur Rizki. “Pemasaran Influencer di Media Sosial: Tinjauan Literatur Tentang Efektivitas dan Etika di Era Digital.” Paradoks: Jurnal Ekonomi 8, no. 1 (3035): 405–12. https://doi.org/10.57178/paradoks.v8i1.1127.
Fauzi, Dzaky Luqyana, dan Suraji. “Perlindungan Hukum bagi Konsumen Produk Kosmetik Ilegal.” Konstitusi: Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Publik, dan Ilmu Komunikasi 2, no. 3 (2025): 243–50. https://doi.org/10.62383/konstitusi.v2i3.875.
Hasanah, Huswatun, Tjuk Wirawan, dan Zainuri. “Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Influencer Terhadap Kegiatan Promosi Melalui Aplikasi Tiktok.” Jurnal Pro Hukum: Jurnal Penelitian Bidang Hukum Universitas Gresik 11, no. 5 (2022): 670–89. https://doi.org/10.55129/.v11i5.2681.
Matheus, Juan. “E-Arbitration: Digitization Of Business Dispute Resolution Pada Sektor E-Commerce Dalam Menyongsong Era Industri 4.0 Di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19.” Lex Renaissance 6, no. 4 (2021): 692–704.
Nandavita, Alva Yenica, Desi Amalia Fadla, Dhenia Lizariani, dan Maulida Hasyima. “Etika Dalam Pemasaran: Upaya Mewujudkan Keadilan dan Perlindungan Konsumen di Era Digital.” PENG: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Manajemen 2, no. 2 (2025): 2360–69. https://doi.org/10.62710/e5hqb690.
Octovian, Hesekiel Kevin, Wiwik Sri Widiarty, dan Bernard Nainggolan. “Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Peredaran Obat Kadaluwarsa.” Sostech Jurnal Sosial dan Teknologi 5, no. 6 (2025): 2015–33. https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsostech.v5i6.32175.
Putri, Gita Nurnila, Jacobus Jopie Gilalo, dan R. Djuniarsono. “Analisis Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen Atas Pengiklanan Produk Berbahaya Oleh Influencer.” Karimah Tauhid Karya Ilmiah Mahasiswa Bertauhid 3, no. 4 (2024): 4929–46. https://doi.org/10.30997/karimahtauhid.v3i4.12948.
Putri, Novika Wama, dan Putri Raodah. “Tanggung Jawab Influencer Terhadap Endorsement Produk Palsu Melalui Media Sosial.” E Commerce Law 5, no. 1 (2025): 98–107. https://doi.org/10.29303/commercelaw.v5i1.3023.
Rachmadina, Nadira, Himas Alhani, Tarisya Utami Putri, Andhika Prasetya Tamtama Putra, dan Daniel Handoko. “Etika Periklanan di Era Influencer: Tantangan Kejujuran dalam Endorsement Digital.” Konstitusi Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Publik, dan Ilmu Komunikasi 2, no. 2 (2025): 265–76. https://doi.org/10.62383/konstitusi.v2i2.942.
Rosdiana, Leny. “Hukum dan Sosial Media: Tanggung Jawab Selebgram dalam Melakukan Endorsement Kosmetik Ilegal di Instagram.” Supremasi Hukum Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum 10, no. 1 (2021): 36–56. https://doi.org/10.14421/sh.v10i1.2348.
Sadewo, Dimas Ulinnuha, dan Rendra Widyatama. “Kepercayaan Publik Dalam Iklan: Peran Kunci Publik Figur.” Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi UHO 9, no. 1 (2024): 136–50. https://doi.org/10.52423/jikuho.v9i1.168.
Sende, Iin Febrianti, Adin Wira Pramudita, M. Gafur Salafuddin, dan Edi Priyo Yunianto. “Peredaran Kosmetik Pemutih Ilegal di Indonesia dan Upaya Penanggulangannya.” Eruditio: Indonesia Journal of Food and Drug Safety 1, no. 1 (2021): 48–62. https://doi.org/10.54384/eruditio.v1i1.30.
Takdirmin, Septianingsih, dan Justika Sukri. “Pengaruh Influencer Marketing Sebagai Strategi Digital Marketing Terhadap Implementasi Rencana Usaha.” Pendas Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar 10, no. 2 (2025): 419–32. https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i02.27307.
Titania, Intan Putri, dan Ratih Hasanah Sudrajat. “Pengaruh Konten Instagram Dan Kredibilitas Beauty Influencer Nanda Arsyinta Terhadap Gaya Hidup Remaja.” Jurnal Pustaka Komunikasi 7, no. 2 (2024): 293–301. https://doi.org/10.32509/pustakom.v7i2.3784.
Utomo, Yusuf Dwi, dan Baidhowi. “Perlindungan Hukum Konsumen Terhadap Peredaran Kosmetik Berbahaya yang Ditarik di Provinsi Jawa Tengah.” Indonesia Law Journal 5, no. 1 (2025): 17–33. https://doi.org/10.15294/ipmhi.v5i1.28961.
Widjaja, Gunawan, Songga Aurora Abadi, dan Yuri Anggi. “Tanggung Jawab Perdata Influencer terhadap Klaim Produk dalam Endorsement : Tinjauan Hukum Atas Perlindungan Konsumen Berdasarkan UU No. 8 Tahun 1999 dan Perkembangan Praktik Digital di Indonesia.” Referendum: Jurnal Hukum Perdata dan Pidana 2, no. 2 (2025): 174–85. https://doi.org/10.62383/referendum.v2i2.889.
Yetti, Mitahul Haq, dan Dedy Felandry. “Prinsip Strict Liability Pelaku Usaha Dalam Rangka Mewujudkan Asas Keadilan Dan Kepastian Hukum Bagi Konsumen Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen.” Jotika Research in Business Law 3, no. 2 (2024): 86–96. https://doi.org/10.56445/jrbl.v3i2.151.
Books
Fuskhahti, Hidayah Aulia, dan Tiyas Vika Widyastuti. Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen Endorsement Produk Kecantikan Ilegal. Pekalongan: Penerbit NEM, 2024.
Webpages
IDN Times. “7 Fakta Gelap Influencer Marketing yang Jarang Dibongkar Publik.” idntimes.com, 2025. https://www.idntimes.com/business/finance/fakta-gelap-influencer-marketing-yang-jarang-dibongkar-publik-c1c2-01-jct2y-ht40hw.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Vinshen Saputra, Moddy Rizqy Syailendra Putra

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Copyright on any article is retained by the author(s).
- The author grants the journal, the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- The article and any associated published material is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License


Sinta ID: 














